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FUNDAMENTALS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Paper Code:
ENV 101
Credits:
3
Contact Hours:
45.00
Max. Marks:
100.00
Objective:
To acquaint students with the subject and to make them learn the fundamentals of Ecology and Environmental Science.
8.00
Unit I:
Introduction to Environmental Science
- Scope and Importance of Environmental Science
- Multidisciplinary nature of Environmental Science
- Origin and Evolution of Biosphere: Atmosphere of the Primitive Earth. Early Life forms, Origin of Life- Chemical basis, Evolution of Life forms through ages (Geological time scale)
10.00
Unit II:
Physical and Chemical Environment
- Earth’s spheres and its components: Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere and Biosphere
- Interaction of all the components(Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere and Biosphere)
10.00
Unit III:
Ecological Concepts
- Concept of Ecosystems
- Types of Ecosystems
- Ecosystem structure and functioning
- Energy flow
- Food chains and food webs
- Ecological pyramids
10.00
Unit IV:
Ecological Principles
- Liebig’s Law of Minimum
- Shelford’s Law of Tolerance
- Combined Concept of Limiting Factors
7.00
Unit V:
Biogeochemical cycles
- Definition and importance
- Hydrological
- Carbon
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Phosphorus
- Sulphur
Essential Readings:
- Agrawal,K. C. (2001).Fundamentals of Environmental Biology. Bikaner (India): Nidhi Publishers.
- Chapman,J. L. and Reiss, M. J. (1995).Ecology: Principles and Applications. Cambridge: University Press
- Cunningham, W.P. Cooper, T.H. Gorhani, E. and Hepworth, M.T. (2001). Environmental Encyclopedia. Mumbai: Jaico Publ. House.
- Kemp: The Environment Dictionary
- Odum E.P. (1996). Fundamentals of Ecology. Dehradun: Natraj Publisher
- Odum, E.P. (1971). Fundamentals of Ecology. USA: W.B. Saunders Co.
- Santra, S. C. (2001). Environmental Science. New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.
- Sharma, P. D. (1996).Ecology and Environment. Meerut: Rastogi Publications.
Academic Year:
