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ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
Paper Code:
ENV 322
Credits:
5
Contact Hours:
75.00
Max. Marks:
100.00
12.00
Unit I:
Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology
- Introduction to Toxicology
- Definition of Toxicology
- Principle Divisions and Branches of Toxicology
- Scope And Importance of Toxicology
- Goals of toxicology
16.00
Unit II:
Dose and Toxicity
- Dose of Toxicants
- Effect and Response –(Acute effects, Chronic effects, Reversible and Irreversible effects and Local and Systemic effects)
- Dose Response Relationship – (Graded and Quantal Response)
- Time action curves
- Toxicity curves
- Toxicants and toxicity
- Factors that affect environmental concentration of toxicants
- Factors influencing toxicity.
16.00
Unit III:
Toxicants of Public Health Hazards
- Toxicology of Pesticides – (Types; Effects on Human Health).
- Toxicology of Heavy Metals - Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead and Mercury- (Sources and Emissions and Harmful effects on Human Health)
- Toxicology of Radioactive Substances – (Types and Biological Effects on animals – Somatic and Genetic effects).
15.00
Unit IV:
Translocation of Xenobiotics
- Basic concept of Translocation
- Absorption
- Biotransformation (Phase I and Phase II reactions)
- Excretion of Xenobiotics.
16.00
Unit V:
Biomagnification and Biomonitoring of Toxic Chemicals
- Definition of Biomagnification and Biomonitoring
- Biomagnification of
-pesticides
-metals
-radioactive substances
- Objectives of Biomonitoring
- Bioindicators and Environmental monitoring
- Bioassay and its applications in Toxicology
Essential Readings:
- Cunningham, W.P. Cooper, T.H. Gorhani, E & Hepworth, M.T. 2001, Environmental Encyclopedia, Jaico Publ. House, Mumabai, 1196p
- De A.K., Environmental Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
- Casserett and Doull’s Toxicology: The basic source of Poisons. (VI Edition)
- Gleick, H.P. 1993. Water in Crisis, Pacific Institute for Studies in Dev., Environment & Security. Stockholm Env. Institute Oxford Univ. Press.
- Study Material (Handbooks) of Sikkim Manipal University for Science Health and Technology for the Degree of Post Graduation in Ecology and Environment
- Smith, Keith (1996) Environmental Hazards- Assessing risk and reducing disaster, 2nd Edition, London & New York.
- Conner, David (1994) Managing the environment with rapid Industrialisation- Lessions from the East Asian Experience, OECD, Paris.
- Khanna, Gopesh Nath (1990) Environment Problems and the United Nations, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi.
- Sharma P.D., Environmental Biology and Toxicology, Meerut: Rastogi Publications
- Study Material (Handbooks) of Sikkim Manipal University for Science Health and Technology for the Degree of Post Graduation in Ecology and Environment
- Sharma,B.K. Environmental Chemistry. Meerut publication
- Pandey, Shukla, Trivedi, Fundamentals of Toxicology.New Central book agency
Academic Year:
