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ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY [1]

Paper Code: 
ENV 322
Credits: 
5
Contact Hours: 
75.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
12.00
Unit I: 
Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology
  • Introduction to Toxicology
  • Definition of Toxicology
  • Principle Divisions and Branches of Toxicology
  • Scope And Importance of Toxicology
  • Goals of toxicology
16.00
Unit II: 
Dose and Toxicity
  • Dose of Toxicants
  • Effect and Response –(Acute effects, Chronic effects, Reversible and Irreversible effects and Local and Systemic effects)
  • Dose Response Relationship – (Graded and Quantal Response)
  • Time action curves
  • Toxicity curves
  • Toxicants and toxicity
  • Factors that affect environmental concentration of toxicants
  • Factors influencing toxicity.

 

16.00
Unit III: 
Toxicants of Public Health Hazards
  • Toxicology of Pesticides – (Types; Effects on Human Health).
  • Toxicology of Heavy Metals - Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead and Mercury- (Sources and Emissions and Harmful effects on Human Health)
  • Toxicology of Radioactive Substances – (Types and Biological Effects on animals – Somatic and Genetic effects).

 

15.00
Unit IV: 
Translocation of Xenobiotics
  • Basic concept of Translocation
  • Absorption
  • Biotransformation (Phase I and Phase II reactions)
  • Excretion of Xenobiotics.

 

 

16.00
Unit V: 
Biomagnification and Biomonitoring of Toxic Chemicals
  •  Definition of Biomagnification and Biomonitoring
  •  Biomagnification of

-pesticides

-metals

-radioactive substances       

  • Objectives of Biomonitoring
  •  Bioindicators and Environmental monitoring
  •  Bioassay and its applications in Toxicology

 

Essential Readings: 
  • Cunningham, W.P. Cooper, T.H. Gorhani, E & Hepworth, M.T. 2001, Environmental Encyclopedia, Jaico Publ. House, Mumabai, 1196p
  • De A.K., Environmental Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
  • Casserett and Doull’s Toxicology: The basic source of Poisons. (VI Edition)
  • Gleick, H.P. 1993. Water in Crisis, Pacific Institute for Studies in Dev., Environment & Security. Stockholm Env. Institute Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Study Material (Handbooks) of Sikkim Manipal University for Science Health and Technology for the Degree of Post Graduation in Ecology and Environment
  • Smith, Keith (1996) Environmental Hazards- Assessing risk and reducing disaster, 2nd Edition, London & New York.
  • Conner, David (1994) Managing the environment with rapid Industrialisation- Lessions from the East Asian Experience, OECD, Paris.
  • Khanna, Gopesh Nath (1990) Environment Problems and the United Nations, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi.
  • Sharma P.D., Environmental Biology and Toxicology, Meerut: Rastogi Publications
  • Study Material (Handbooks) of Sikkim Manipal University for Science Health and Technology for the Degree of Post Graduation in Ecology and Environment
  • Sharma,B.K. Environmental Chemistry. Meerut publication
  • Pandey, Shukla, Trivedi, Fundamentals of Toxicology.New Central book agency

 

 

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